Abstract
Plants, animals, and microorganisms have all been shown to have health benefits for humans. According to World Health Organization, plant medicines continue to be used by 80 percent of the world’s population in developing countries. Plant-derived secondary metabolites are macromolecules that are biosynthesized in plants and have a variety of biological properties that are beneficial to humans, including antiallergic, anti-inflammatory, anti-diabetic, and antioxidant properties. Therefore, the present investigation was done to determine the bioactive compounds present in Beta vulgaris (L.) leaves powder using Perkin-Elmer Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry, while the mass spectra of the compounds found in the extract matched the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) library. GC-MS analysis of an ethanolic extract of Beta vulgaris (L.) revealed the presence of 25 bioactive compounds with different area percentages and structural details. The major bioactive compounds are 1,3,5,7- Tetroxane (73.1%), Decane (83.1%), Azulene (73.8%), 4-Hepten-2-one, 5-ethyl-3,3,4-trimethyl-(71.1%), 6-Amino-1,3,5-triazine-2,4 (1H, 3H)-dione(65.1%), Phthalic acid, 4-bromophenyl ethyl ester(83.7%), Neophtadiene(93.1%), Neophytadiene (88.2%)Hexadecanoic acid, methyl ester(84.8%), n-Hexadecanoic acid(84.3%), Phytol(86.0%), 9- octadecenoic acid, (E)(88.6%), 2-Hexadecen-1-ol,3,7,11,15-tetramethyl-acetate,[R-[R*,R*-(E)]]-(64.0%), 1-Tricosene(72.3%) and 17-Pentatriacontene(65.6%). Most identified compounds have bioactivities such as Antimalaria, Anti-inflammatory, Antibacterial, Antifungal, Antiviral, Antidiabetic, Antioxidant, Anticancer, Analgesic, Anti-hyperlipidemic, Hypocholesterolemic, Hepatoprotective, and Anti-androgenic, so that they can be recommended as a plant of phytopharmaceutical importance. Therefore ethanol extract of Beta vulgaris (L.) leaves proves as a potential source of bioactive compounds of pharmacological importance.
Highlights
It is estimated that 80% of the world’s population depends on medicinal plants to treat numerous human diseases
The current study investigated the bioactive compounds in the ethanolic extract of Beta vulgaris (L.) leaves
There are two significant advantages for using Gas chromatographyMass spectroscopy (GC-MS) in the analysis of plant, first, the capillary column in GC-MS has very good separation ability, which can produce a chemical fingerprint of high quality, and second with coupled mass spectral database, quantitative composition information of the plant investigated could be provided by GCMS, which will be extremely useful for further research for elucidating the relationship between chemical constituents in plant medicine and its pharmacology in further research
Summary
It is estimated that 80% of the world’s population depends on medicinal plants to treat numerous human diseases. Plant-based medicine interacts with human biology [4]; safety insurance, quality control, proper usage, observance of reference standards, and efficacy are the valuable components of herbal drug [5]. Bioactive compounds is a substance that has positive biological activity in health such as reduction of developing chronic diseases, such as cancer and diabetes [14,15,16]. Fruits and vegetables are related to these health benefits because they attribute to the synergistic interactions of the bioactive compounds present in the food [17]. The prospect of developing new drugs from natural plants remains appealing because bioactive compounds have alternative and safe effects on treatment [18]. There are two significant advantages for using GC-MS in the analysis of plant, first, the capillary column in GC-MS has very good separation ability, which can produce a chemical fingerprint of high quality, and second with coupled mass spectral database, quantitative composition information of the plant investigated could be provided by GCMS, which will be extremely useful for further research for elucidating the relationship between chemical constituents in plant medicine and its pharmacology in further research
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