GC/MS Profile and in-vitro Antidiabetic Activity of Cinnamomum z eylanicum Blume., Bark and Trachyspermum ammi (L.) Sprague, Seeds

Abstract

The essential oil of Cinnamomum zeylanicum Blume, bark and Trachyspermum ammi (L.) Sprague, seeds growing in Iraq was investigated by GC/MS. The essential oils were extracted by hydrodistillation method. The essential oils and ethanolic extracts of C. zeylanicum bark and T. ammi seeds were also examined for their α-glucosidase inhibition effects. The essential oil of C. zeylanicum bark yielded 14 constituents amounting to 99.92 % and essential oil of T. ammi seeds yielded 22 compounds amounting 99.18 %. The major constituents of essential oil of C. zeylanicum bark were cinnamic aldehyde (95.89 %) and eugenol (1.58 %). The major constituents of T. ammi seeds were thymol (62.52 %), p-cymene (20.26 %), γ-terpinene (12.77 %) and β-pinene (2.24 %). The results of α-glucosidase inhibition test showed concentration dependent enzyme inhibition with IC50 values 90±0.85 and 180±2.61for C. zeylanicum bark essential oil and ethanolic extract, respectively; and IC50 values 160±1.27 and 220±2.03 for T. ammi seeds essential oil and ethanolic extract, respectively. The present study confirmed that the C. zeylanicum bark and T. ammi seeds may be used for reducing post prandialhyperglycemia by inhibiting α-glucosidase enzyme.