Gaziantep Yöresi Tarım Topraklarının Besin Elementi Durumları ve Bunların Bazı Toprak Özellikleri ile İlişkileri

Abstract

Calismada, Gaziantep yoresi topraklarinin verimlilik durumlarinin toprak analizleriyle belirlenmesi amaclanmistir. Bu amacla, yoreyi temsilen 53 noktadan, iki farkli derinlikten (0-30 ve 30-60 cm) alinan toplam 106 toprak orneginde bunye, toplam kirec (CaCO 3 ) , reaksiyon (pH), toplam tuz, organik madde (OM), katyon degisim kapasitesi (KDK) ve makro–mikro besin elementlerinin analizleri yapilmistir. Elde edilen bulgulara gore, arastirma alani topraklarinin % 65.11’ inin killi, % 27.35’ inin killi tinli, % 7.54’ unun kumlu-killi-tinli bunyeye sahip oldugu, topraklarin buyuk bir cogunlugunun hafif alkalin ve alkalin reaksiyonlu, topraklarin organik madde iceriklerinin yetersiz oldugu ve yaklasik yarisinin tuzlu sinifinda yer aldiklari belirlenmistir. Topraklarin % 55.65’ inin azot, % 35.86’ sinin fosfor, % 39.63’ unun potasyum, % 29.24’ unun demir, % 43.40’ inin cinko ve % 2.8’ inin bakir bakimlarindan yetersiz oldugu belirlenmistir. Topraklarda CaCO 3 ile pH, Tuz, KDK, K ve Zn; OM ile P, Tuz, KDK ve pH; pH ile Zn, KDK ve P; KDK ile Kil, Kum, Tuz ve P; Kil ile K, Kum ve Silt; Kum ile Silt ve Cu arsinda onemli iliskiler belirlenmistir. Anahtar kelimeler: Gaziantep, toprak verimliligi, toprak ozellikleri, besin elementleri Nutrient Status of Gaziantep Agricultural Soils and Their Relationships with Some Soil Properties ABSTRACT: The goal of this study is to determine soil fertility levels of Gaziantep Province, Turkey, through soil analyses. For this objective, a representative soil survey of 53 samplings with two different depths (0-30 ve 30-60 cm), totaling 106 soil samples, was performed to determine soil texture, lime content, soil pH, total salt, soil organic matter content (SOM), cation exchange capacity (CEC), and macro and micronutrient concentrations. The results showed that clayey, clay loam, and sandy clay loam soils covered 65.11, 27.35, and 7.54 % of the study area, respectively. Most of the soil pH measurements in the area fell between slightly alkaline and alkaline reactions. Soil organic matter content was deficient in all the region’s soils and approximately half of the soils were categorized as saline soils. Deficiency of nitrogen, phosphorous, potassium, iron, zinc, and cupper was determined in 55.65, 35.86, 39.63, 29.24, 43.4, and 2.8 % of the soils, respectively. Significant relationships were found for lime with pH, Salt, CEC, K, Zn; SOM with P, Salt, CEC, and pH; pH with Zn, CEC, and P; CEC with Clay, Sand, Salt, and P; Clay with K, Sand, and Silt; Sand with Silt and Cu in the soils of the study area. Key words: Gaziantep, soil fertility, soil properties, nutrient elements