Gaziantep ve Şanlıurfa illerinde Pistacia spp. yapraklarında gal oluşturan Yaprakbiti türleri, yayılış alanları ve doğal düşmanları

Abstract

This study was conducted in 2010-2011 in Gaziantep and Sanliurfa provinces to determine the species, distribution and the natural enemies of aphid species forming galls on pistachio trees. For this purpose, gall samples were taken from pistachio orchards total of 34 villages from 6 district of Gaziantep province and total of 44 villages from 5 district of Sanliurfa provinces. In pistachio growing areas of Gaziantep, the gall formation was encountered most common at Sehitkamil (42,8%), Yavuzeli (40,0%) and Araban (40,0%) districts respectively. In the orchards of Karakamis district no gall forming was found. The gall forming was found most common (66,6%) in the location of Tektek mountains where high mountainous area situated at the south of Harran plain at Sanliurfa province. Center district of Sanliurfa came after this proportion by 25,6%. In addition to, the lowest (%15,3) distribution ratio was found at Halfeti district at Sanliurfa province. At the results of studies, 7 aphid species were determined forming galls on Pistacia species. Two of these species were determined at Pistacia vera L. and 5 species were determined at P. trebinthus. In Pistacia vera L., Forda formicaria and Smynthurodes betae species and in P. trebinthus , Aploneura lentisci , Geoica utricularia , Baizongia pistaciae , F. marginata and Rectinasus buxtoni species were determined. The surveys carried out 21 predator species from Anthocoridae, Miridae, Lygaeidae, Nabidae, Chrysopidae and Syrphidae families were determined at each month samples at Gaziantep and Sanliurfa.