Abstract
A Dirac theory over complexified spacetime algebra leads unavoidably to a U(1) ⊗ U(1) ⊗ SU(3) global gauge freedom. We argue the SU(3) freedom corresponds to colour. The U(1) ⊗ U(1) gauge freedom mixes to give two photon fields responsible for the charge assignments of the standard model. In addition to the usual up/down spin and particle/anti-particle decomposition of the Dirac field, this 16-dimensional field decomposes into a colourless leptonic component and a three-coloured quarkonic component.
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