Abstract
Aim:This study was designed to investigate the prevalence, associated risk factors, and zoonotic implications of gastrointestinal parasites of dogs in Maiduguri, Borno State, Northeastern Nigeria.Materials and Methods:A total of 200 rectal fecal samples were collected from dogs in Maiduguri for coprological examination using the saturated sodium chloride floatation technique. Detection of eggs or oocyst was done on the basis of keys of identification of parasites based on the morphology and size of eggs or oocyst.Results:The prevalence of gastrointestinal parasites of dogs was 31.5% (63/200) in Maiduguri. The prevalence of the infection was higher in young, male dogs kept outdoor in terms of age, sex, and management; the difference was statistically significant (p<0.05). The parasites detected in Maiduguri include Ancylostoma spp., Toxocara spp., Dipylidium spp., Isospora spp., and Taenia spp., with Ancylostoma spp. (16%) having the highest prevalence rate.Conclusion:Gastrointestinal parasites have high prevalence in Maiduguri and constitute potential risk to human health because all genera of parasites detected in the study area are of public health importance.
Highlights
Dogs (Canis familiaris) have a close association with humans, providing security, companionship, and dietary protein requirement [1]
Gastrointestinal parasites have high prevalence in Maiduguri and constitute potential risk to human health because all genera of parasites detected in the study area are of public health importance
Table-1 summarizes the overall prevalence of 31.5% in the study area and the prevalence of the infection based on associated risk factors
Summary
Dogs (Canis familiaris) have a close association with humans, providing security, companionship, and dietary protein requirement [1]. Dogs have been associated with more than 60 zoonotic diseases [2]. Different types of enteric parasites have been reported, but Ancylostoma caninum, Toxocara canis, Dipylidium caninum, Trichuris vulpis, and Echinococcus spp. are the most common [4]. These infections exert serious health challenges in dogs and a variety of clinical signs such as unthriftiness, malaise, irritability, mild diarrhea, melena, vomiting, anorexia, anemia, and poor hair coat, ranging from the type of infection and density of the parasite. The infection may be asymptomatic [5]
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