Gastrointestinal Eosinophilic Disorder in a Patient with Acute Pancreatitis. Case Report

Abstract

Eosinophilic colitis is a rare disease. It is part of the eosinophilic gastroenteritis, characterized by eosinophilic infiltration of the tissues that affects any segment of the digestive tract, but more frequently the stomach and small intestine and rarely the colon in isolation. The clinical case of a 29- year-old patient is described, who initially presented data of acute pancreatitis and later acute diarrhea with sluggishness and scant mucus. The analysis showed a complete blood count with eosinophilia 9.9% Immunoglobulin E with a positive result + 2500 IU/mL (<100IU/mL). Endoscopy and colonoscopies show diffuse inflammatory changes, confirming with the histopathological study infiltration of eosinophils throughout the gastrointestinal tract, conservative treatment was started with a good response. Eosinophilic gastroenteritis has a benign course, with significant infiltration of eosinophils in the wall of the digestive tract, which rarely involves only the colon. Its cause and pathogenic mechanisms are unknown; It classically presents in patients between the third and fifth decades of life, although it can affect any age group. The diagnostic criteria are: 1) gastrointestinal symptoms; 2) eosinophilic infiltration of one or more areas of the digestive tract demonstrated by biopsy; 3) absence of eosinophilic infiltration in organs outside the digestive tract; and 4) absence of parasitic infection. Eosinophilic gastroenteritis are pathologies that require a high index of suspicion for their diagnosis.