Abstract
The aim of the study: To estimate the level of Galectin-3 with the parallel tracing of the content of pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines Interleukin-6 (IL-6) and Interleukin-4 (IL-4) for patients with GERD and BA both in case of separate nosologies, and in case of their combined course during the period of exacerbation of the diseases. Methods. The study was conducted in three groups of patients, homogeneous by gender and age. The first group included 18 patients with GERD. The second group included 19 patients with intermittent or persistent-mild bronchial asthma. The third group included 22 patients suffering from GERD with concomitant BA intermittent or persistent-mild severity. Determination of the level of galectin-3 and interleukins (IL-4 and IL-6) in the blood serum was carried out by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Results. Analyzing the results of the study, we found that the level of galectin - 3 was increased on average in both groups of patients with isolated GERD (and in patients with BA). In patients of the third group with comorbid pathology, the level of galectin-3 was statistically significantly higher than not only the norm, but also the average of patients with isolated BA and GERD. At the same time, we found the rise in the level of pro-inflammatory (IL-6) and anti-inflammatory (IL-4) cytokines. Moreover, in patients with GERD, the level of IL-6 was increased with a higher degree of reliability, and the level of IL-4 was increased with a lower degree of reliability. In patients with BA, on the contrary, the level of IL-4 was determined more often and higher, and the level of IL-6 was lower. Conclusions. Analyzing result of the study, a clear correlation and features of changes in the level of galectin-3, IL-4, IL-6 in patients with isolated GERD, BA, as well as with the comorbidity of these diseases, were revealed. In patients with BA, the level of galectin-3 increases with the same degree of certainty as in the group of patients with GERD. In the cytokine system, on the contrary, the level of anti-inflammatory (IL-4) cytokines increases with a greater degree of certainty than the level of pro-inflammatory (IL-6) cytokines. In patients with GERD with concomitant BA, the level of galectin-3 increases with a greater degree of certainty. It is observed also a higher rising of pro-inflammatory (IL-6) cytokines and a slightly pronounced increasing of the level of anti-inflammatory (IL-4) cytokines in comparison with the group of patients with isolated GERD.
Highlights
The comorbid course of diseases has become the subject of numerous studies of modern medicine [1, 2]
The level of galectin-3 was increased on average both in patients with isolated gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) at normal rates (5.61±0.79 ng/ml) and in patients with bronchial asthma (BA)
(2020), «EUREKA: Health Sciences» Number 2 than normal values (p
Summary
The comorbid course of diseases has become the subject of numerous studies of modern medicine [1, 2]. Galectin-3 is one of the representatives of the 5-lectin family, that influences intercellular interaction, cell growth, regulation of the cell cycle, apoptosis and, in particular, the nature and the course of inflammatory mechanisms, which violation is one of the key factors in the formation of many diseases of the internal organ systems, including the bronchopulmonary and digestive systems [8, 9]. This problem, associated with the process (mechanism) of systemic inflammation, is of particular importance for patients suffered from gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) and bronchial asthma (BA) [10, 11]. With the increasing prevalence of BA symptoms among patients with GERD the mutual aggravating effect of these diseases, and as a result an increase in the number of severe forms and the development of combined pathologies is observed [12,13,14]
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