Gastric dilatation-volvulus

Abstract

This paper reviews the signs and current management regimes for gastric dilatationvolvulus (GDV). It stresses the importance of confirmation of the diagnosis and patient stabilisation. Perioperative prognostic indicators such electrocardiograms and plasma lactate levels are discussed in more detail, as are the management of shock and ventricular tachycardia. Radiography of the abdomen should be considered, as it is an invaluable aid in determining whether there is simple dilatation or if volvulus is present. Stabilisation prior to surgical intervention is key, although there should not be an overlong delay in taking the patient to surgery. Gastropexy is an essential part of the surgical procedure and must always be carried out in these cases, otherwise recurrence is likely. Prokinetic agents should be considered postoperatively, especially if ileus is suspected. Prophylactic gastropexy should be considered in those breeds seen most at risk of developing GDV.