Abstract
This paper has been put together to provide a single source document that not only reviews the historical development of gasification but also compares the process to combustion. It also provides a short discussion on integrated gasification and combined cycle processes. The major focus of the paper is to describe the twelve major gasifiers being marketed today. Some of these are already fully developed while others are in various stages of development. The hydrodynamics and kinetics of each are reviewed along with the most likely gas composition from each of the technologies when using a variety of fuels under different conditions from air blown to oxygen blown and atmospheric pressure to several atmospheres.
Highlights
Gasification has been around for more than 200 years, so why the interest in it now? There are to be sure, many reasons, but the two most significant reasons are the continuing high price of natural gas and highway transportation fuels
A gaseous product manufactured from coal, containing approximately 50% hydrogen, with the rest comprised of mostly methane and carbon dioxide, with 3% to 6% carbon monoxide, is a gaseous product manufactured from coal
In the past 10 to 15 years, it has started to be used by the power industry in Integrated Gasification Combined Cycle (IGCC) plants
Summary
Gasification has been around for more than 200 years, so why the interest in it now? There are to be sure, many reasons, but the two most significant reasons are the continuing high price of natural gas and highway transportation fuels. The use of domestic energy sources such as coal for electricity production and for synthetic natural gas (SNG) and liquids for transportation is a must. Gasification is a key fundamental baseline technology for converting coal to anything other than electrons and can potentially be competitive even there [1]. Gasification it the key conversion step for converting coal to H2, SNG, liquid fuels, and the capture of CO2 for sequestration.
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