Abstract
AbstractProcess gas flares are considered a key equipment in a refinery, chemical, production, or LNG plant for controlled high‐efficiency combustion of unwanted gases during malfunction, startup, shutdown, and maintenance, but gas flaring also produces some undesirable by‐products such as noise, smoke, heat radiation, light, and pollutants. This paper will focus on combustion aspects. It will cover details for gas flares including burners, structures, as well as operational factors, flaring regulations, and flaring reduction. On the other hand, it will not discuss details well covered in complementary American Petroleum Institute standards such as flare headers, collection of liquids and knock‐out drums, mitigation of air ingress and seals, flare pilots, and flame monitoring.
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