Abstract
ABSTRACT This study aimed to evaluate gas exchange of banana Prata in two production cycles in semiarid environment. Six cultivars were used as treatments arranged into a completely randomized design with five replications and four plants per plot. For physiological characteristics, it was considered a factorial arrangement of 6x14x2, six cultivars, 14 periods (months), two readings, 8:00 and 14:00 in each period. The rates of gas exchange, the carboxylation efficiency and the instantaneous efficiency of water use were higher at 8:00 and lower at 14:00, with rare exceptions. The ‘BRS Platina’ had a higher leaf temperature, higher transpiration and lower water use efficiency. ‘Prata-Anã’, ‘FHIA-18’ and ‘Maravilha’ expressed lower leaf temperature and lower transpiration. The ‘Maravilha’ is the most efficient in water use. Transpiration increases linearly with the leaf temperature, while the instantaneous efficiency of water use decreases linearly.
Highlights
The cultivation of banana tree is significant in agricultural systems in the agro-ecological zones of the tropics (AZEVEDO et al, 2010) with great economic and social importance
The physiological characters evaluation may be important for recommending cultivars because it allows establishing a genotypic variation of physiological responses of banana to the environment (TURNER et al, 2007). The existence of this variation would infer on changes in transpiration rates, stomatal conductance and photosynthesis as physiological indicators of the presence of stress (LUCENA, 2013); in addition it contributes to the identification and the selection of superior individuals
The irrigations were based on the evapotranspiration reference (ETo) determined daily by the Penman-Monteith method, and on the data from an automatic weather station Vantage Pro Integrated Sensor (Davis Instruments, Wayward, CA, EUA) located 100 m from the area
Summary
The cultivation of banana tree is significant in agricultural systems in the agro-ecological zones of the tropics (AZEVEDO et al, 2010) with great economic and social importance. The physiological characters evaluation may be important for recommending cultivars because it allows establishing a genotypic variation of physiological responses of banana to the environment (TURNER et al, 2007) The existence of this variation would infer on changes in transpiration rates, stomatal conductance and photosynthesis as physiological indicators of the presence of stress (LUCENA, 2013); in addition it contributes to the identification and the selection of superior individuals. The extrapolation of these results may subsidize specific production systems for various cultivars
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