Abstract
Potted individuals of two perennial shrub species of South Africa’s arid region were subjected to a soil-drying cycle. Plant stomatal conductances and water-use efficiencies were related to soil water content. High, opportunistic stomatal conductance and low water-use efficiency occurred at high soil water content, when the lower stomatal conductance required for optimum water-use efficiency may represent a competitive disadvantage. Water-use efficiency increased as soil dried to intermediate soil water contents, but stomatal conductance finally became conservative and water-use efficiency decreased again at very low soil water content. This response may lengthen growing season and defer lethal water stress. This combination of opportunistic and parsimonious water use may facilitate the competitive success and resilience of these species under semi-arid and arid conditions. Individue van twee meerjarige struikspesies van Suid-Afrika se droë gebiede, wat in potte gegroei het, is aan ’n gronduitdrogingsiklus blootgestel. Die huidmondjieweerstand en waterverbruiksdoeltreffendheid van die plante het verband gehou met die grondwaterinhoudspeil. Hoë, opportunistiese huidmondjieweerstand en lae waterverbruiksdoeltreffendheid het voofgekom toe die grondwaterinhoudspeil hoog was, toe die laer huidmondjieweerstand benodig vir optimale waterverbruiksdoeltreffendheid die plante se mededingingsvermoë kon benadeel het. Waterverbruiksdoeltreffendheid het toegeneem terwyl die grond tot middelbare waterinhoudspeile uitgedroog hei, maar toe die grond nog droër geraak het, het huidmondjieweerstand toegeneem en waterverbruiksdoeltreffendheid weer afgeneem. Hierdie reaksie mag die groeiseisoen verleng en die aanvang van dodelike waterstremming uitstel. Dié kombinasie van opportunistiese en konserwatiewe waterverbruik mag die mededingingsvermoë en herstelvermoë van hierdie spesies bevoordeel onder ariede en semi-ariede toestande.
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