Abstract
The rate of evolution of CH 4, CO, CO 2, H 2, C 2 hydrocarbons, and C 3 hydrocarbons during pyrolysis of Colorado oil shale between 25 and 900 °C is reported. All experiments were performed nonisothermally using linear heating rates varying from 0.5 to 4.0 °C min −1. Hydrogen is the major noncondensable gas produced by kerogen pyrolysis. The amount of H 2 released is influenced, via the shift and Boudouard reactions, by the CO 2 evolved from mineral carbonates. Lesser amounts of C 1, C 2, and C 3 hydrocarbons are produced. On the basis of heat content, however, the combined C 1 to C 3 hydrocarbons contribute twice as much as H 2 to the heating value of the pyrolysis gas. The evolution of H 2 and CH 4 involves processes that are interpreted as a ‘primary’ pyrolysis of the kerogen to generate oil, and a higher temperature ‘secondary’ pyrolysis of the carbonaceous residue. The CO formed is a product of the Boudouard reaction; nearly complete conversion of the carbon residue to CO via this reaction is observed.
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