Gas discharge sustained by powerful THz and sub-THz gyrotrons in the mixtures of noble gases with nitrogen

Abstract

The discharge propagation velocity towards electromagnetic radiation of sub-THz and THz bands was measured in various noble gases (argon, krypton) mixtures with nitrogen in the wide pressure range (0.1 – 2 atm) for various field intensities into the focal spot (from dozen of kW/cm2 to several MW/cm2). In the experimental setups two different gyrotrons were used. In case of 263 GHz it was CW gyrotron with power up 1 kW, in case of 670 GHz – pulsed gyrotron (20 μs) with power up to 40 kW. In both cases the focusing system provided the size of the focal spot of (2–3)·λ, which ensured the investigation of discharge phenomena in a wide pressure range (0.1 – 2 atm). In both cases discharge appeared in the focal spot spread towards heating radiation into the area with the field intensity much less than one in the focal spot. Velocity of the discharge propagation was measured by using photos from speed camera with small exposure (down to 20 ns) and streak camera. It was demonstrated that discharge velocity increase along with pressure decrease and drops with electric field decrease as it moves away from the focal spot.