Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry analyses of crude oil bioremediation by the novel Klebsiella variicola SKV2 immobilized in polyurethane polymer scaffold and two-layer microcapsulation

Abstract

Immobilization of microbial cells on insoluble matrix has led to the stable performance of microorganisms in the petroleum industry. A novel floating polymer with very high potential was synthesized in the factory for cell life promotion and oil degradation. The entrapped cells of the novel and indigenous crude oil degrading bacterium, Klebsiella variicola strain SKV2 were analyzed by scanning electron microscope and the gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) analyses for crude oil degradation. The results showed that the efficiency of the biodegradation of crude oil on the one hand and the durability and microbial stability on the other hand were different in the two types of substrates used for fixation. GC-MS analysis showed that the maximum bioremediation efficiency of crude oil by the novel and indigenous K. variicola strain SKV2 free cells was 93.3% for 3 weeks. The biodegradation of crude oil was carried out completely and unprecedentedly, and thus 71.87% of crude oil components were completely deleted in the new method including microcapsules of agar and paraffin. The bioremediation of crude oil was 44.31% for scaffolds made of polyurethane polymer, while the cells were alive for more than 6 months in these scaffolds.