Abstract
Fluoride tolerance is an important economic trait in sericulture, especially in some industrial development regions. Analyses of physiological changes involving structural damage to the insect body and molecular analyses of some related genes have focused on this area; however, the changes that occur at the metabolic level of silkworms after eating fluoride-contaminated mulberry leaves remain unclear. Here, metabonomic analysis was conducted using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) to analyze the changes in midgut tissue after NaF stress using silkworm strains 733xin (susceptible stain) and T6 (strain resistant to fluoride), which were previously reported by our laboratory. Differential metabolomics analysis showed that both T6 and 733xin strains displayed complex responses after exposure to 200 mg/kg NaF. The purine metabolism and arginine and proline metabolic pathways of fluoride-tolerant strains reached significant levels, among which 3′-adenylic acid and hypoxanthine were significantly upregulated, whereas guanine, allantoic acid, xanthine, N-acetyl-L-glutamic acid, and pyruvate were significantly downregulated. These metabolic pathways may be related to the fluoride tolerance mechanism of NaF poisoning and tolerant strains.
Highlights
Fluoride is one of the important factors causing environmental pollution
The results showed that glutathione metabolism, glycerolipid metabolism, and steroid biosynthesis were the metabolic pathways for significant enrichment of differentially expressed genes (DEGs)
The differential metabolites of the two control groups were enriched in the metabolic pathways, and the results showed that oxidative phosphorylation changed significantly, resulting in abnormal energy metabolism
Summary
Fluoride is one of the important factors causing environmental pollution. Fluoride-contaminated mulberry leaves are absorbed and accumulated in the midgut of the silkworm after being eaten [1].The resulting fluorosis has resulted in sericulture farmers incurring huge economic losses, which has seriously damaged the stable development of the sericulture industry. Fluoride is one of the important factors causing environmental pollution. Fluoride-contaminated mulberry leaves are absorbed and accumulated in the midgut of the silkworm after being eaten [1]. The resulting fluorosis has resulted in sericulture farmers incurring huge economic losses, which has seriously damaged the stable development of the sericulture industry. Differences in population development, reduced appetite, and slow production in silkworm are observed. Some internode membranes bulge and appear as ring-shaped spots connected by black spots. Some abdominal links have rough black-brown lesions on the back, which rupture and discharge pale yellow blood [2]
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