Gas and heat emission measurements in Norris Geyser Basin, Yellowstone National Park (May-October 2016)

Abstract

From 14 May to 6 October 2016 measurements of gas and heat emissions were made at Bison Flat, an acid-sulfate, vapor-dominated area (0.04-km2) of Norris Geyser Basin, Yellowstone National Park, WY. An eddy covariance system measured half-hourly CO2, H2O and sensible and latent heat fluxes, air temperature and pressure, wind speed and direction, soil moisture and rainfall. A Multi-GAS instrument measured (1 Hz frequency) atmospheric H2O, CO2 and H2S volumetric mixing ratios, air pressure, temperature and relative humidity and wind speed and direction. Soil CO2 fluxes and temperature profiles were also measured on a grid using the accumulation chamber method and thermocouple probes, respectively. These data were used to derive hydrothermal CO2 and heat emission rates and characterize the chemical compositions of fumarole and soil-gas emissions. The eddy covariance, Multi-GAS and soil CO2 flux and temperature data sets are saved in spreadsheets in the *.csv format.