Abstract
Garra arupi, a new cyprinid fish species is differentiated from its congeners along the base of the Himalaya in Brahmaputra basin by a combination of characters: two pairs of barbels, anterior position of vent (vent to anal distance 52.6-60.0% pelvic to anal distance), a band of 6-9 prominent horny tubercles on the tip of the snout, a submarginal black band on the dorsal fin, and 16 circumpeduncular scales. It is similar to G. kempi in having an anterior position of the vent, and similar to G. lissorynchus in having a distinct submarginal band on the dorsal fin. Garra arupi differs from G. kempi in having 35-36 (vs. 40-42) lateral line scales, 11-12 (vs. 13-14) predorsal scales, 16 (vs. 12) circumpeduncular scales, the presence of a distinct submarginal band on the dorsal fin (vs. absence), the presence of a transverse band of tubercles on the snout tip (vs. absence), and the presence of 7-8 thin stripes on the caudal peduncle (vs. absence). Garra arupi differs from G. lissorynchus in having 11-12 (vs. 14-15) predorsal scales, 7 (vs. 6) branched dorsal fin rays, 5 (vs. 4) branched anal fin rays, the absence of a W-shaped color band on the caudal fin (vs. presence), the absence of a rostral lobe on the snout (vs. presence), the presence of a transverse band of tubercles on the snout tip (vs. absence), and a vent to anal distance 52.6-60.0 (vs. 37.3-40.2 %) pelvic to anal distance.
Highlights
The bottom dwelling cyprinid fish genus Garra Hamilton, 1822 consists of approximately 70 species distributed from Borneo to West Africa through southern China, South and Southeast Asia, the Middle East, the Arabian Peninsula, and East Africa (Zhang & Chen 2002)
Other measurement techniques adopted are as follows: disc width, the widest portion of the lower lip; disc length, length from anterior mid-point of the anterior papillated skin fold to the posterior mid-point of the posterior margin of mental disc; head height, distance from the midline at occiput vertically downward to ventral contour of the breast; lateral line scales, counted from the anteriormost scale in contact with the shoulder girdle to the last scale on the caudal fin; lateral transverse scales above the lateral line, counted from the dorsal fin origin to the lateral line obliquely ventral and caudal and scales below lateral line are counted from the ventral fin origin obliquely dorsal and rostral to lateral line and from the anal fin origin to the lateral line
Garra arupi sp. nov. is characteristic in having a shallow groove transversely on its snout tip with a band of 6-9 small or large pointed tubercles
Summary
The bottom dwelling cyprinid fish genus Garra Hamilton, 1822 consists of approximately 70 species distributed from Borneo to West Africa through southern China, South and Southeast Asia, the Middle East, the Arabian Peninsula, and East Africa (Zhang & Chen 2002). While revising the genus, Hora (1921) recognized 25 species including seven new species from the Himalayan foothills, viz., G. annandalei from Assam and Darjeeling Himalayas, G. abhoyai and G. naganensis from Manipur, G. prashadi from Uttar Pradesh, G. chaudhurii from northern Bengal, G. jenkinsonianum from Bengal, and G. kempi from Arunachal Pradesh. Other known species from the region are: G. rupecula (McClelland), G. lissorhynchus (McClelland), G. lamta (Hamilton), G. gotyla (Gray), G. nasuta (McClelland) (Hora 1921; Menon 1964). Menon (1964) recognized 38 species under the genus and considered Horas (1921) G. abhoyai a junior synonym of G. rupecula; G. chaudurii of G annandalei; G. prashadi of G lamta, and G. jenkinsonianum of G. mullya. Nath & Dey (2000) reported seven species of Garra, viz., G. annandalei, G. gotyla gotyla, G. kempi, G. lamta, G. lissorynchus, G. Collections from the Deopani, Ipipani, Sisiri, and Lohit rivers in the Lower Dibang Valley and the Lohit District in Arunachal Pradesh included an undescribed Garra, which is described as Garra arupi sp. nov
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