Garlic feed inclusion and susceptibility of broiler chickens to infectious bursal disease

Omolade Oladele,Francis Enibe,Oluwaseun Esan,Ini Akpan

doi:10.5455/javar.2018.e276

Omolade Oladele, Francis Enibe + Show 2 more

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https://doi.org/10.5455/javar.2018.e276

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Abstract

Objective: This study was carried out to evaluate the effect of garlic (Allium sativum) with its immunomodulatory activity, on the susceptibility of broilers to infectious bursal disease, being an immunosuppressive disease. Materials and methods: Day-old broilers (102) were separated into 6 groups A-F of 17 each. Groups A, B and C had 0.125% of garlic-meal in feed. At 8 and 18 days of age groups A, C, D and F were administered IBD vaccine and groups B, C, D and E were infected with 1LD50 IBD virus (10-3.4 in 0.08ml PBS) via conjuctival instillation at 4 week-old. Clinical signs, mortality and gross pathological lesions were scored. Histopathological lesions in bursae of Fabricius were recorded. Virus antibody titre in serum was assayed at 1 day-old, 4 and 6 weeks-old using quantitative agar gel immunodiffusion test. Data generated was analysed using descriptive statistics, ANOVA and Duncan’s multiple comparison tests (P

Highlights

Infectious bursal disease (IBD) is a disease of chickens plaguing the poultry industry in many parts of the world (Michel and Jackwood, 2017)
A more acute outcome of IBD virus infection was observed in garlic-fed broilers, which was ameliorated in vaccinated broilers, antibody response to vaccination was enhanced in the absence of infection
The uninfected groups A and F showed no clinical sign of IBD throughout the period of observation

Summary

Introduction

Infectious bursal disease (IBD) is a disease of chickens plaguing the poultry industry in many parts of the world (Michel and Jackwood, 2017). The serotype 1 of the virus is pathogenic to chickens and consists of three strains i.e. classical, very virulent and variant strains (Liew et al, 2016). The “re-emergence” of the IBD virus in the form of antigenic variants and hypervirulent strains has been the cause of significant losses which could be up to 100% mortality in specific pathogen-free chickens (Nunoya et al, 1992). Vaccination has been the principal control measure of IBDV infection in chickens (Camilotti et al, 2016). Changes in antigenicity and virulence and interference of maternally derived antibodies with vaccine uptake are some of the contributing factors to the difficulty in control of IBD (Basseboua and Ayad, 2015)

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