Abstract
Traditional Medicine/Complementary and Alternative Medicine is a practice that incorporates medicine based on plants, animals, and minerals for diagnosing, treating, and preventing certain diseases, including chronic degenerative diseases such as obesity, diabetes, hypertension, atherosclerosis, and cancer. Different factors generate its continued acceptance, highlighting its diversity, easy access, low cost, and the presence of relatively few adverse effects and, importantly, a high possibility of discovering antigenotoxic agents. In this regard, it is known that the use of different antigenotoxic agents is an efficient alternative to preventing human cancer and that, in general, these can act by means of a combination of various mechanisms of action and against one or various mutagens and/or carcinogens. Therefore, it is relevant to confirm its usefulness, efficacy, and its spectrum of action through different assays. With this in mind, the present manuscript has as its objective the compilation of different investigations carried out with garlic that have demonstrated its genoprotective capacity, and that have been evaluated by means of five of the most outstanding tests (Ames test, sister chromatid exchange, chromosomal aberrations, micronucleus, and comet assay). Thus, we intend to provide information and bibliographic support to investigators in order for them to broaden their studies on the antigenotoxic spectrum of action of this perennial plant.
Highlights
Diverse evidence has demonstrated that plants perform an important role in the care and improvement of human health
The results revealed the carcinogen induced the rate of micronucleated polychromatic erythrocytes (MNPE) of the bone marrow by approximately five times in comparison the control group; contrariwise, on being combined with the different suspensions of the dietetic supplements, the capacity of 2-acetyl aminofluorene (2-AAF) diminished to induce micronucleus assay (MN) on the order of Ho > Ga > Bi
The results showed that garlic homogenate (GH) as well as DAS fulfilled the expected objective, notably protecting the genetic material from the damage induced by the three mutagens
Summary
Diverse evidence has demonstrated that plants perform an important role in the care and improvement of human health. There are innumerable studies, it being impossible to mention all of them, and their purpose is to demonstrate and evaluate the protective and/or beneficial potential of plants, the identification of compounds that can protect humans against damage to the genetic material generated by diverse genotoxic agents For this reason, there are continuous efforts worldwide to explore the rich biodiversity of fruits, foods, and plants (edible and/or medicinal) in the search for more effective phyto-antimutagens. There are continuous efforts worldwide to explore the rich biodiversity of fruits, foods, and plants (edible and/or medicinal) in the search for more effective phyto-antimutagens Bearing this in mind, the present report has as its objective the compiling of a great number of data based on works carried out with garlic that have demonstrated its antigenotoxic capacity, and that have been evaluated, by means of five of the most utilized models in genetic toxicology (salmonella mutagenicity test, SCE, ChAb, MN, and CA). With this objective in mind, the authors of this document intend to provide information and bibliographic support to investigators in order for them to broaden their studies on the genoprotective spectrum of this perennial plant
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