Abstract
BackgroundPrevious studies demonstrated Ganoderma lucidum polysaccharides (GL-PS), a form of bioactive β-glucan can stimulate the maturation of monocyte-derived dendritic cells (DC). The question of how leukemic cells especially in monocytic lineage respond to GL-PS stimuli remains unclear.ResultsIn this study, we used in vitro culture model with leukemic monocytic cell-lines THP-1 and U937 as monocytic effectors cells for proliferation responses and DCs induction. We treated the THP-1 and U937 cells with purified GL-PS (100 μg/mL) or GL-PS with GM-CSF/IL-4. GL-PS alone induced proliferative response on both THP-1 and U937 cells but only THP-1 transformed into typical DC morphology when stimulated with GL-PS plus GM-CSF/IL-4. The transformed THP-1 DCs had significant increase expression of HLA-DR, CD40, CD80 and CD86 though not as high as the extent of normal monocyte-derived DCs. They had similar antigen-uptake ability as the normal monocyte-derived DCs positive control. However, their potency in inducing allogeneic T cell proliferation was also less than that of normal monocyte-derived DCs.ConclusionOur findings suggested that GL-PS could induce selected monocytic leukemic cell differentiation into DCs with immuno-stimulatory function. The possible clinical impact of using this commonly used medicinal mushroom in patients with monocytic leukemia (AML-M4 and M5) deserved further investigation.
Highlights
Previous studies demonstrated Ganoderma lucidum polysaccharides (GL-PS), a form of bioactive β-glucan can stimulate the maturation of monocyte-derived dendritic cells (DC)
Cell proliferation response of THP-1 after GL polysaccharides stimulation To relay the GL-PS has effect on leukemic cells, we evaluated the effect of GL polysaccharides (GL-PS) on the acute myeloid leukemia (AML) cell-lines THP-1 and U937 by cell proliferation assay
Under the forward and side scatter analysis of flow cytometry, we found that the THP-1 DCs derived with GL-PS (GL-PS THP-1 DCs) had larger size as if the monocytes when differentiated into DCs
Summary
Previous studies demonstrated Ganoderma lucidum polysaccharides (GL-PS), a form of bioactive β-glucan can stimulate the maturation of monocyte-derived dendritic cells (DC). The question of how leukemic cells especially in monocytic lineage respond to GL-PS stimuli remains unclear. In both Western and Oriental societies, cancer patients commonly take complementary and alternative medicine while they underwent conventional anti-cancer therapy [1,2,3]. Among different kinds of alternative medicine, herbal medicine is the most popular form taken by patients in United Kingdom [4]. Ganoderma lucidum (GL) is a traditional Chinese medicine known by the layman as the "herb of immortality". It was (page number not for citation purposes)
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