Ganglion Cysts of the ACL and Meniscus: A Review of Literature

Abstract

Introduction: Ganglion cysts of the anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) and meniscus may have generalized clinical symptoms that can make them difficult to diagnose, especially considering their rarity. The aim of this study is to provide a comprehensive review of cysts arising in and around the knee with a focus on differential diagnosis to emphasize the importance of proper evaluation. Methods: A literature search using the database PubMed, Cochrane, and Google Scholar was performed to find the information that comprehensively covered information relevant to this review. Conclusion: Intra-articular ganglion cysts of the knee are a rare occurrence that typically cause generalized symptoms. Each type of cyst is different with regards to its origin and location, but their similar clinical presentation makes differentiation based on a history and physical exam difficult. MR imaging is of utmost importance for the evaluation of pathologies in and around the knee joint. Once a proper diagnosis is achieved, direct arthroscopic excision of the cyst or treatment of the underlying cause in the case of a meniscus cyst can definitely treat symptoms with minimal concern for recurrence.