Ganancia de peso gestacional y retención de peso posparto en una cohorte de mujeres en Aragón (España).

Abstract

To describe gestational weight gain and postpartum weight retention in women classified by pre-pregnancy body mass index BMI). Prospective cohort study with a sample of 301 women. Weight was evaluated throughout pregnancy and puerperium. Multilinear regression models were performed to assess determinants of gestational weight gain and postpartum weight retention by pre-gestationalBMI categories. During pregnancy, 36.5% of the participants gained more weight than recommended, and 90% retained weight at six months after childbirth. Slim women had greater weight gain during pregnancy and retained more postpartum weight. Age, parity, miscarriage history, pre-gestational BMI, origin and place of residence were independently associated with gestational weight gain. Postpartum weight retention was directly related to gestational weight gain and inversely with breastfeeding duration. Pre-gestational BMI is a predictor of gestational weight gain. Also, gestational weight gain is a predictor of postpartum weight retention. Educational programs focused on promoting healthy behaviors are needed both in pregnancy and postpartum.