Gamma‐mangostin of Garcinia mangostana peels ameliorates hyperglycemia in synergism of insulin

Abstract

Type II diabetes mellitus is diagnosed because of obese having high sugar, high salt and high fat in diet, and is a heterogeneous group of disorders characterized by hyperglycemia due to an absolute or relative deficit in insulin synthesis or action. Mangostins, isolated from Garcinia mangostana peels, contain various isoforms α, β and γ, however, the medicinal values of γ‐mangostin particular in anti‐diabetic as an alternative medicine or folk medicine remain to be explored. This study attempted to investigate hypoglycemic efficacy of γ‐mangostin through execution in cellular and mouse levels. In vitro, the vascular smooth cells isolated from the external carotid artery of SD rat and FL83B mouse hepatocytes were applied to determine the cytotoxicity and glucose uptake. The cell viability data showed that 0.5 μM, 2.5 μM and 5 μM γ‐mangostin had non‐toxicticity in both cell types. The hypoglycemic effectiveness of 5 μM γ‐mangostin treatment was greater than those of 0.5 and 2.5 μM γ‐mangostin during two hours test of two cell types. Compared with 10−7 M insulin, the potency of γ‐mangostin plus insulin in synergistic glucose uptake reached plateau within 90 min. Furthermore, the hypoglycemic efficacy of oral administration 0.1, 0.2 and 0.4 mg γ‐mangostin was similar to 0.2 U insulin intraperitoneal injection and oral 50 mg/kg metformin for 120 min of oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) in diet‐induced diabetic ICR mice. The hypoglycemic ability of oral 0.4 mg γ‐mangostin was more effective than that of 12 mg/kg Acarbose for 180 min in oral starch tolerance test. Diabetic ICR mice were daily fed 0.2 mg γ‐mangostin, 0.4 mg γ‐mangostin and vehicle for 4 weeks, the data revealed that γ‐mangostin caused the lowing blood glucose at fasting level and OGTT. Taken altogether, γ‐mangostin plays an insulin sensitizer to dampen the hyperglycemia with non‐ cytotoxicity in cell line tested.Support or Funding InformationMinistry of Science and Technology (107‐2813‐C‐259‐061‐B), Taiwan.This abstract is from the Experimental Biology 2019 Meeting. There is no full text article associated with this abstract published in The FASEB Journal.