Gamma Knife Versus Volumetric Arc Modulated Therapy in a Linear Accelerator in Treatment of Multiple Brain Metastasis: Literature Review

Abstract

This literature review introduces the treatment results of Gamma Knife radiosurgery (GKRS) and volumetric arc therapy (VMAT) administered by linear accelerators for patients diagnosed with multiple brain metastases. The present study aimed to compare Gamma Knife radiosurgery with Volumetric Arc Modulated Therapy (VMAT) administered using a linear accelerator for brain metastases and their respective safety profiles and therapeutic results. The review assesses research on treatment precision, local control rates, survival outcomes, radiation necrosis incidence, and post-treatment quality of life. It evaluates technical progress, treatment plans, and physiological effects on brain tissue. Both modalities have the potential for managing brain metastases, with GKRS being beneficial for well-defined lesions and VMAT being a flexible and efficient option for larger or irregular-shaped metastases. The study highlights the unique benefits of each therapy for different types of brain metastases. GKRS and VMAT are effective treatments for brain metastases, using concentrated radiation for localised lesions and advanced imaging techniques for intricate or expanded regions. GKRS offers precise interventions with minimal invasiveness, suitable for patients with lower metastatic burdens or suboptimal surgical tolerance. Both therapies show similar effectiveness in local control and survival but may be better suited for specific patient needs and lesion characteristics