Game theoretic security of quantum bit commitment

Abstract

Due to the threat posed by quantum computing, there has been an increasingly focus on designing secure and efficient quantum-based and post-quantum cryptographic protocols. In this paper, we study and propose a quantum bit commitment (QBC) protocol inspired by the framework of categorical quantum mechanics. We show that our protocol is more secure and simpler than most existing cheat-sensitive QBC protocols. Then, we introduce the notion of game theoretic security, and demonstrate that such a notion is less demanding than unconditional security, yet stricter than cheat-sensitive. We show that our protocol is game theoretic secure for many commitment games. Being game theoretic secure opens the door of applying our protocol to game theory. Specifically, we show that our protocol can be used to implement equilibrium in commitment games. Finally, we run experiments on the IBM quantum computer to demonstrate the practicability of our protocol.