Abstract
This paper aimed to devise a means to design game-based learning and develop an application game for children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) using the participatory design (PD) method. A total of 15 participants from Khaneye Mehre Autism School in Tehran, Iran, were involved in this study. The engagement participatory sessions supplied the necessary information to facilitate the design process and understand the children’s preference between the different design stimuli in individuals as informants by allowing them to be part of design activities. In addition, some value practices and design methods informed by relevant PD projects in the healthcare and public sectors were discussed such as an effective role of designers require adequate communication skills from participants. Based on the findings, this study maintains that PD increases the chance that the result of a design process represents the values for future works.
Highlights
Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder with irregularities that adversely affect developmental process of children (Golestan, Soleiman & Moradi, 2010)
This study focused on designing a learning game on the iOS platform to improve multi-cue response and user engagement through the involvement of children in the design process
Every child with autism is unique; each participant in this study demonstrated a distinct preference for and response to each style of stimuli within a game, and the range of social and non-social stimulus capabilities varied significantly between participants
Summary
Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder with irregularities that adversely affect developmental process of children (Golestan, Soleiman & Moradi, 2010). Many researchers have focused on developing applications of game technology such as serious game (Khowaja, Salim, & Al-Thani, 2019; Sik-Lanyi et al, 2019) learning game (Passerino & Santarosa, 2008), video game (Hiniker, 2013) and etc. This study focused on designing a learning game on the iOS platform to improve multi-cue response and user engagement through the involvement of children in the design process. The participatory design (PD) method contributed to achieving the main goal. The primary goal of traditional design methods is to observe and learn from children's behaviors and feedback while interacting with the final product. According to (Druin, 2002), the method is focused on discovering children’s thoughts and statements while acting in a variety of roles, International Journal of Academic Research in Progressive Education and Development including user, tester, informant, and design partner. The common methods for children to express their ideas are:
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