Galvano- and Thermomagnetic Phenomena in Iron and Nickel

Abstract

The four transverse galvano- and thermomagnetic effects (Hall, Ettingshausen, Nernst, and Righi-Leduc), the Thomson coefficient, and the thermal and electrical conductivities have been measured in bars of nickel and electrolytic iron. Three independent relations between the effects, derived by Sommerfeld on the basis of the Fermi statistical theory of metallic conduction, are verified within a factor of 3. It is shown further that this theory does not account for the size of an individual effect unless the average field for the conduction electrons in the iron is twice the measured value of the magnetic induction, and that in nickel some fifteen times the measured value. Two possible explanations are suggested.