Abstract
Seven galloyl, caffeoyl and (S)-hexahydroxydiphenoyl (HHDP) esters of dihydrochalcone glucosides were isolated from Balanophora tobiracola; based on spectroscopic and chemical evidence, their structures were determined to be 6″- O-galloyl-, 3″,4″-di- O-galloyl-, 4″,6″-di- O-galloyl-, 4″,6″- O-( S)-HHDP-, 3″- O-galloyl-4″,6″- O-( S)-HHDP-, 3″- O-caffeoyl-4″,6″- O-( S)-HHDP-3-hydroxyphloretin 4′- O-β- d-glucosides and 3″- O-galloyl-4″,6″- O-( S)-HHDP-phloretin 4′- O-β- d-glucoside, respectively. By contrast, these compounds were not found in the taxonomically related B. japonica. The 3″-galloyl-4″,6″-HHDP esters of the dihydrochalcone glucosides showed strong inhibitory activities against α-glucosidase. Four known compounds were also isolated namely, (±)-eriodictyol 7- O-β- d-glucoside, 1- O-caffeoyl-3- O-galloyl-β- d-glucose, phloretin 4′- O-β- d-glucoside, and 3-hydroxyphloretin 4′- O-β- d-glucoside.
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