Abstract
This study evaluated the effect of gallic acid on some selected biomarkers in Drosophila melanogaster model of Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Transgenic D. melanogaster expressing human amyloid precursor protein and β-secretase (BACE 1) genes were used as AD flies while wild type (Oregon strain) flies served as the normal control flies. Both fly strains were exposed to gallic acid in their diet. Thereafter, the flies were sacrificed and homogenized. The homogenates were assayed for reactive oxygen species (ROS), malondialdehyde (MDA) and total thiol contents, as well as the activity of catalase. Also the activity of cholinesterases (ChEs) and β-secretase (BACE-1) were quantified. Results showed that the AD flies had significantly higher ChEs and BACE-1 activity, ROS and MDA contents, as well as lower total thiol level and catalase activity compared to the normal control flies. However, these biochemical impairments in AD control flies were significantly ameliorated in AD flies treated with gallic acid. Therefore, this study has shown that gallic acid could ameliorate elevated ChEs and BACE-1 activities, as well as oxidative stress induced by β-amyloid generation in D. melanogaster model of AD. This therefore, suggests gallic acid as a promising nutraceutical for the management of AD.
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