Abstract
A phenolic acid had been isolated from chloroform soluble fractions of a methanol extract of stem bark of Syzygium litorale, Fam. Myrtaceae. The structure of the isolated compound was elucidated and established as gallic acid through extensive spectroscopic studies (UV-Vis, FTIR, and NMR) and by comparison with literature data and authentic sample. This is the first report of the isolation of compound from this plant, although it has previously been found in Myrtaceae family such as S. aromaticum, S. cumini, S. polyanthum, S. cordatum, etc. The chloroform fraction, isolated compound, and vitamin C showed very strong antioxidant activity against 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) with IC50 value of 23.2, 7.5, and 12.5 mg/mL, respectively.
Highlights
Syzygium, the genus of flowering plants, is one of the important genus in Myrtaceae family, widely presented in the tropical and sub-tropical region of the world, with the greatest diversity of species taking place in South East Asia such as Indonesia, Malaysia and inEast India
On the basis of literature study, phytochemical studies on Syzygiumspecies have led to the identification and isolation of main compounds such as phenolic compounds (eugenol and eugenol acetate found in S. aromaticum (Alma, Murat, Siegfrie, & Hubert, 2007)
Isolated compound from the stem bark of S. littorale, 2,2-diphenyl-1picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), vitamin C were purchased from Merck (Germany) and Sigma Aldrich (USA), hexane, chloroform, ethyl acetate, methanol and silica gel used were obtained from local sources and were of analytical grade (Grade AR)
Summary
The genus of flowering plants, is one of the important genus in Myrtaceae family, widely presented in the tropical and sub-tropical region of the world, with the greatest diversity of species taking place in South East Asia such as Indonesia, Malaysia and in. Based on the literature data, no information about the total phenolic contents, antioxidant and other bioactivity potentials of the medicinal organic compounds in the stem bark of S. littorale that have been reported so far. We are interested strongly to investigate them especially for phenolic contents and their antioxidant bioactivity from the stem bark extract of this plant. The present study reports the finding of gallic acid for the first time from the chloroform fraction of the stem bark of S. littorale. Isolated compound from the stem bark of S. littorale, 2,2-diphenyl-1picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), vitamin C (vit.C, ascorbic acid, as antioxidant standard) were purchased from Merck (Germany) and Sigma Aldrich (USA), hexane, chloroform, ethyl acetate, methanol and silica gel used were obtained from local sources and were of analytical grade (Grade AR). Chemical shifts are given in δ (ppm) values relative to those of the solvent signal [CD3OD (δH 3.30; δC 49.0)] on the tetramethylsilane (Sigma) scale
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