Abstract
ABSTRACT Galangal (Kaempferia galanga L.) is a promising medicinal and aromatic oil-yielding herb grown in the subcanopy of multistrata production systems in the tropics. The effects of differing light transmission levels on its growth, yield, quality and nutrient dynamics under a solitary canopy, six multistrata canopies and ‘no-over-canopy’ were evaluated in a randomized-block experiment. Coconut palms (Cocos nucifera) provided the solitary canopy while coconut+dicot trees (Vateria indica, Ailanthus triphysa or Grevillea robusta grown in two planting geometries-single row and double row) represented the multistrata environment. Stand leaf area index (LAI) and subcanopy photosynthetic photon flux density were measured when the palms were 17 to 18 years of age and other trees, 3 to 4 years old. Understorey photosynthetic photon flux density was controlled by tree species and stand LAI. Ailanthus-based treatments consistently registered lower photon flux densities. Mean daily subcanopy photon flux density ...
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