Gain of Spatial Diversity with Conjoint Signals in Arbitrarily Correlated Rayleigh Fading Channels

Abstract

Coding gains for arbitrarily correlated signals in a spatial diversity system with conjoint signals are presented in this study. The basic form of the proposed signal synthesizer evenly produces phase changes in the output signals. The mixer is an orthogonal transformation matrix, which is energy preserving and blind to the channel correlation matrix. The idea is to synthesize additional conjoint signal copies from the received signals that would be received if there were more antennas. However, these conjoint signals contain a level of correlation with the received signals. With the assumption of flat Rayleigh fading channels, simulation results for symbol error probability (SEP) are presented for different numbers of receive branches and varying correlation conditions. It is shown that under binary phase shift keying (BPSK), the synthesizer achieves decorrelation coding gains of about 1 dB when selection combining (SC) or equal gain combining (EGC) is used. The synthesizer’s performance across M-ary quadrature amplitude modulation (MQAM) signals is also tested. In addition, analytical frameworks are derived for BPSK and MQAM, which are tightly bound by the Monte Carlo simulation results obtained using Matlab. The correlation analysis is performed for different numbers of antennas and varied antenna spacings.