Gain Clamped Bi-Doped Fiber Amplifier With 150 nm Bandwidth for O- and E-Bands

Abstract

Global data traffic is continuously growing year by year. In this regard, telecom companies faced the problem of increasing data transmission rate, which is becoming more and more challenging. One of options that could help to increase optical links capacity is an expansion of the spectral range of DWDM systems used in telecom by inclusion of the O-band and/or the E-band. An ability to engage these spectral ranges directly related to the presence of suitable effective optical amplifiers. In this work, we studied different modifications of Bi-doped fiber amplifier operating in the O- and E-bands in order to obtain the widest gain spectrum in a single device. In particular, one- and two-wavelength pumping and gain-clamped schemes, as well as usage of a Bi:P<inline-formula><tex-math notation="LaTeX">$_\text {2}$</tex-math></inline-formula>O<inline-formula><tex-math notation="LaTeX">$_\text {5}$</tex-math></inline-formula>-SiO<inline-formula><tex-math notation="LaTeX">$_\text {2}$</tex-math></inline-formula> and Bi:GeO<inline-formula><tex-math notation="LaTeX">$_\text {2}$</tex-math></inline-formula>-SiO<inline-formula><tex-math notation="LaTeX">$_\text {2}$</tex-math></inline-formula> fibers combination, were considered. As a result, an amplifier with 150 nm &#x2013;6 dB bandwidth, <inline-formula><tex-math notation="LaTeX">$&gt;$</tex-math></inline-formula>25 dB peak gain operating in the range from <inline-formula><tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\sim$</tex-math></inline-formula>1300 to <inline-formula><tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\sim$</tex-math></inline-formula>1450 nm was developed. To achieve the highest spectral width, we compare a gain-clamped at 1280 nm cavity pumped at 1180 nm with dual pump scheme at 1180 nm and 1270 nm along with a combination of active media composed of Bi:P<inline-formula><tex-math notation="LaTeX">$_\text {2}$</tex-math></inline-formula>O<inline-formula><tex-math notation="LaTeX">$_\text {5}$</tex-math></inline-formula>-SiO<inline-formula><tex-math notation="LaTeX">$_\text {2}$</tex-math></inline-formula> and Bi:GeO<inline-formula><tex-math notation="LaTeX">$_\text {2}$</tex-math></inline-formula>-SiO<inline-formula><tex-math notation="LaTeX">$_\text {2}$</tex-math></inline-formula> fibers.