Abstract
This article presents an effective technique of gain and bandwidth enhancement for the dielectric resonator antennas (DRAs). The technique incorporates defected ground structures (DGSs) in the DRAs. Two DGS-based rectangular DRAs (DGS-RDRAs) with compact dimensions (39.6 mm × 29.2 mm) are proposed for the RADAR, satellite downlink, and other X-band communications. The DGS-RDRAs are designed by engraving circular and rectangular slots in their ground planes. Two prototypes of the proposed DGS-RDRAs are fabricated and measured so as to validate them. The measured results illustrate that the DGS-RDRA with a circular slot provides an impedance bandwidth (IBW) of 51.8% (8.413–14.29 GHz). The IBW for the rectangular-slotted DGS-RDRA is 18.69% (8–9.65 GHz). The antenna gains of 4.13 and 4.05 dBi are achieved by the circular-slotted and rectangular-slotted DGS-RDRAs, respectively. Other antenna parameters such as reflection coefficient and impedance of the antenna are also analysed. The resultant parameters obtained by the proposed DGS-RDRAs are compared with the similar type of existing DRAs in the literature. The comparisons further validate the proposed DGS-RDRAs as the best suitable candidate for the X-band applications.
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