Gaia DR2 giants in the Galactic dust – II. Application of the reddening maps and models

Abstract

ABSTRACT We exploit a complete sample of 101 810 Gaia DR2 giants, selected in Paper I in the space cylinder with a radius of 700 pc around the Sun and a height of |Z| = 1800 pc, using the Gaia DR2 parallaxes, GBP and GRP photometry, and WISE W3 photometry. We explain the spatial variations of the modes of the observables GBP − GRP and GRP − W3 by the spatial variations of the corresponding reddenings described in the GM20 3D dust distribution model. Presented in this paper, GM20 is an advanced version of the model introduced by Gontcharov in 2009. GM20 proposes two intersecting dust layers, along the Galactic mid-plane and in the Gould Belt, with exponential vertical and sinusoidal longitudinal variations of the dust spatial density in each layer. The Belt layer is an ellipse, oriented nearly between the centre and anticentre of the Galaxy, and with semi-major and semi-minor axes of 600 and 146 pc, respectively. GBP − GRP and GRP − W3 give similar solutions, but different equatorial layer scale heights of 150 ± 15 and 180 ± 15 pc, respectively, and $(G_\mathrm{BP}-G_\mathrm{RP})_0=(1.14\pm 0.01)-(0.022\pm 0.010)\, |Z|$, $(G_\mathrm{RP}-W3)_0=(1.44\pm 0.01)-(0.015\pm 0.010)\, |Z|$, where Z is in kpc. We compare GM20 with several 3D reddening models and maps in their ability to predict the observed colour modes. GM20 and the 3D map by Gontcharov appear to be the best among the models and maps, respectively. However, the most reliable models and maps mainly disagree only in their estimates of low reddening, including the reddening across the whole dust layer.