Abstract
The GABAergic system is central to the development and functional maturation of the nervous system. Emerging evidence support the role of GABAergic dysfunction in neuro-developmental disorders. This review presents the molecules and mechanisms that underlie GABA system dysfunction in several neuro-developmental disorders presenting in childhood. The impact on synaptic plasticity, neuronal circuit function and behavior, followed by targeted treatment strategies are discussed.
Highlights
Neuronal circuits undergo structural refinement in response to changes in experience
This review focuses on the GABAergic system dysfunction in Down syndrome, Rett syndrome, Fragile X syndrome, and Autism and therapeutic strategies
The mechanism and manifestation of GABA dysfunction is disease and brain region/circuit specific, current evidence supports impaired GABA transmission during the critical period followed by GABAergic dysfunction in the adult animal
Summary
Reviewed by: Knut Holthoff, Universitätsklinikum Jena, Germany Alessandro Sale, National Research Council (CNR), Italy. The GABAergic system is central to the development and functional maturation of the nervous system. Emerging evidence support the role of GABAergic dysfunction in neuro-developmental disorders. This review presents the molecules and mechanisms that underlie GABA system dysfunction in several neuro-developmental disorders presenting in childhood. The impact on synaptic plasticity, neuronal circuit function and behavior, followed by targeted treatment strategies are discussed
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