Abstract
The high density of the androgen receptors in fundamental centers of learning and memory, such as hippocampus, shows that there must be some relationship between the androgen receptors and cognitive aspects. On the other hand, Gama Amino Butric Acid (GABA) plays a controlling role in the balance of excitability and inhibitory states in the cortex and hippocampus; a number of reports suggest that removal of the influence of inhibitory GABA receptors lead to memory enhancement and conversely the activation lead to memory inhibition. Sex steroids can rapidly influence neural activity by increasing the binding affinity of neurotransmitters such as GABAergic. To determine the effect of Testosterone on learning and memory in CA1 region of hippocampus, male albino Wistar rats (200 - 250 g) are bilaterally cannulated into CA1 of hippocampus then different doses of Testosterone enanthate or CGP35348 are injected through the cannulae for assessing of acquisition, consolidation and retrieval in a single-day testing protocol of Morris water maze task. After hippocampal microinjection with Testosterone (T), acquisition is significantly impaired, while after treatment with CGP35348, acquisition impairment caused by T can be significantly improved. Also T and CGP35348 have no significant effect on consolidation and retrieval stages of spatial memory. These results suggest that CGP35348 may have therapeutic value in the treatment of Testosterone-induced acquisition impairment.
Highlights
The hippocampus has been shown to be necessary for several types of learning and memory formation in rats and other mammals [1]
Retrieval Test The results obtained from the injection of CGP35348 + Testosterone on retrieval in spatial learning and memory was shown that there was no significant difference in number entrance animal to target quadrant (F = 0.4, P < 0.48), time spent in target quadrant (F = 0.8, P < 0.5), traveled distance in target quadrant (F = 0.6, P < 0.7)
The present findings of this study showed that there was no significant difference between the vehicle groups (Saline, DMSO, DMSO and Saline) in acquisition, consolidation and retrieval
Summary
The hippocampus has been shown to be necessary for several types of learning and memory formation in rats and other mammals [1]. The androgen-induced reduction of CAILTP found in previous study [9] was consistent with earlier reports that Testosterone, possibly via the AR, down regulated the NMDA receptor in CA1 in the rat [10]. Since GABA plays a controlling role in the balance of excitability and inhibitory states in hippocampus, a number of reports suggest that removal of the influence of inhibitory GABA receptors lead to memory enhancement and the activation lead to memory inhibition [10] [12]. Considering the data given above, we conduct a series of experiments to investigate the role of GABAb receptor antagonist in CA1 region on spatial learning and memory and find relation between Testosterone and GABA receptors on effect of T on spatial learning
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