GA optimized PID controller for frequency regulation in standalone AC microgrid

Abstract

It is now well established that renewable energy sources (RESs) and distributed generation system (DGs) are there to play major role to meet out the electrical energy needs of the world. The RESs are being utilized for electrical power generation at small levels by way of forming microgrid (MG). But because of the uncertainties involved due to unpredictable weather conditions, the power generated using RESs also has unpredictable variations associated with it that needs to controlled so as to obtain good quality power. The frequency regulation is of main concern in any microgrid which has been addressed in this paper. Genetic Algorithm (GA) optimized proportional integral derivative (PID) controller has been designed and implemented for frequency regulation in the AC microgrid structure subjected to the variations of solar irradiance and the wind speed besides the load changes. For comparison purpose, the Ziegler-Nicholas tuned PID controller is also implemented on considered microgrid system. The simulation results indicate improved performance in terms of frequency regulation of the microgrid system.