Fuzzy radon hazard index assessment for stochastic environmental health risk evaluation of urban scale building

Abstract

Radon gas emission is emerging phenomenon that poses potential danger to human health as a result of modern lifestyles. Thus, it is critical to conduct stochastic evaluations of the amount of this hazardous gas in urban areas and residential buildings to identify environmental health risks. To assess statistical radon environmental health risks, this research proposes two novel fuzzy radon hazard indices (FRHIs), FRHI1 and FRHI2.. FRHI1 can contribute to every standard, while FRHI2 can be compared to geogenic radon potential or geogenic radon hazard indices. The output indices FRHIs range from 0 (no hazard) to 100 (the highest degree of hazard). The proposed approach can serve as a circumstantially integrated standard for stochastic radon risk assessment and management, so that fuzzification can bring innovation in stochastic standards in this field. In this study, radon concentration was measured in an urban building and natural radon and emission zoning maps were created using ArcGIS software at urban and geological scales. A residential building unit located in a critical area was selected and some corrective actions were adopted to reduce radon in urban building units. The FRHI Assessment for stochastic environmental health risk evaluation showed that the initial fuzzy level for the mean value of FRHI is hazardous (for an FRHI value equal to 60.1), indicated by red. However, the Maximum FRHI level for 48 h after the installation was rather hazardous (for an FRHI value equal to 44.8), indicated by orange. After steady-state installation, the maximum statistical environmental health risk would fall into an improved category. Identifying critical areas can provide exceptional control at the urban scale building that reduces the risks of natural radon.