Abstract
Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) are made up of small nodes which have the ability to sense, compute and communicate wirelessly. Essential design issue in WSN routing is energy awareness as the sensors are energy constrained. Various routing, power management and data dissemination protocols designed for WSNs are available in the literature. Energy awareness and reliable data transmissions are handled in Medium Access Control (MAC) and Network layers. Decisions to achieve data reliability and energy efficiency trade-off were considered in layers. This study considers mobility, energy and link qualities to ward off poor link connectivity which reduce retransmissions and prolong WSN life. To achieve this, a fuzzy based cross layer protocol is proposed using an enhanced MAC protocol to provide better contention during mobility of the node and a network layer protocol based on link quality and mobility is proposed. Input to the fuzzy system is link quality and mobility. Output is decision for cluster head selection.
Highlights
Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs)’s emerging field combines sensing, computation and communication into one device, forming a sea of connectivity through advanced mesh networking protocols
Simulation result proved that application of the new method to control message forwarding improved performance and lowered overall energy consumption while increasing WSN life
This study considers mobility, energy and link qualities to ward off poor link connectivity reducing retransmissions and to prolong WSN life
Summary
WSN’s emerging field combines sensing, computation and communication into one device, forming a sea of connectivity through advanced mesh networking protocols. Such devices extend cyberspace reach into the physical world. WSN contains hundreds of sensor nodes with the ability to communicate among each other or directly to external base-station. A sensor node comprises sensing, processing, transmission, mobilizer, position finding system and power units (some components are optional e.g., mobilizer). Sensor nodes are spread in a sensor field, where they are deployed. They coordinate among themselves producing top quality information on physical environment
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