Abstract
The main aim of this study is to detect congestion and provide efficient route recovery mechanism using back pressure technique. In this study, we propose a fuzzy based congestion control and backpressure routing technique in wireless sensor networks. In the Fuzzy based congestion control technique, Fuzzy logic decision model is used to estimate the congestion status of each node based on the parameters number of contenders, buffer occupancy percentage of parent nodes and traffic load. In cluster based backpressure routing, clusters are formed and cluster heads are elected based on the congestion status of the nodes. By simulation results, we show that the proposed algorithm reduces the overhead and increases the routing efficiency.
Highlights
Wireless Sensor Network (WSN): A wireless sensor network comprises autonomous, tiny and cheap wireless sensor nodes in a physical phenomenon and deployed remotely like high mountain area and satellite in the outer space
The congestion status of the node is estimated using fuzzy logic technique based on the parameters number of contenders, buffer occupancy percentage of parent nodes and traffic load
When source wants to route data to the destination node, it uses the cluster based back pressure routing technique where the cluster head acts as the gateway node for data transmission
Summary
Wireless Sensor Network (WSN): A wireless sensor network comprises autonomous, tiny and cheap wireless sensor nodes in a physical phenomenon and deployed remotely like high mountain area and satellite in the outer space. The nodes closer to the base stations require to send more data packets resulting in severe traffic burden. This causes severe packet collisions, network congestion and packet loss. Congestion control in WSN: Congestion, a major issue in wireless sensor networks results in packet losses and increased transmission latency which affects energy efficiency and application QoS and must be efficiently controlled. Congestion occurrence in sensor networks is of two types: Node level congestion and Link level congestion The former occurs due to buffer overflow in the node which leads to packet loss and increased queuing delay. Link level congestion increases packet service time and decreases both link utilization and overall throughput and wastes energy at the sensor nodes. Both node level and link level congestions have direct impact on energy efficiency and QoS (Agarwal, 2013)
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