Future Perspectives on the Relevance of Auditory Markers in Prodromal Parkinson's Disease.

Evelien De Groote,Kim De Keyser,Patrick Santens,Miet De Letter,Annelies Bockstael,Dick Botteldooren,Durk Talsma

doi:10.3389/fneur.2020.00689

Evelien De Groote, Kim De Keyser + Show 5 more

Open Access

https://doi.org/10.3389/fneur.2020.00689

Copy DOI

Abstract

Research on auditory processing in Parkinson's disease (PD) has recently made substantial progress. At present, evidence has been found for altered auditory processing in the clinical stage of PD. The auditory alterations in PD have been demonstrated with low-cost and non-invasive assessments that are already used in routine clinical practice. Since auditory alterations have been reported early in disease progression, it would be highly relevant to investigate whether auditory markers could be provided in the prodromal stage of PD. In addition, auditory alterations in early stage PD might be modulated by dopaminergic medication. Therefore, the aim of this review is (1) to summarize the literature on auditory processing in PD with a specific focus on the early disease stages, (2) to give future perspectives on which audiological and electrophysiological measurements could be useful in the prodromal stage of PD and (3) to assess the effect of dopaminergic medication on potential auditory markers in the prodromal stage of PD.

Highlights

Biomarker research in Parkinson’s disease (PD) covers the development and validation of diverse clinical, biochemical, neuroimaging and genetic markers of pathological alterations, preferably in the early preclinical and prodromal stages of PD when a clinical diagnosis is not yet possible [1, 2]
The authors found no conclusive pattern of P3b differences in non-demented patients with PD, P3b latency was significantly increased in 38% of the related studies
No significant differences in the P3a component were found between patients with PD and HCs in the study of Solis-Vivanco et al [15], the authors suggested that impaired novelty detection may be evident in the early stage of PD based on a reduced phase alignment for deviant stimuli using time-frequency based analyses [15]

Summary

Introduction

Biomarker research in Parkinson’s disease (PD) covers the development and validation of diverse clinical, biochemical, neuroimaging and genetic markers of pathological alterations, preferably in the early preclinical and prodromal stages of PD when a clinical diagnosis is not yet possible [1, 2]. Valid and useful biomarkers potentially target a window of therapeutic opportunity in the early stages of the pathological process before clinical signs and symptoms emerge. Biomarkers are beneficial when they are non-invasive, easy and relatively inexpensive to administer, sufficiently available, and reliable [9, 10]. These features seem explicitly present in assessments related to auditory processing, ranging from audiological toward electrophysiological measurements. Evidence has been found for altered auditory processing in the clinical stage of PD. The alterations range from disturbances in the processing of basic acoustic features toward the perception of affective and linguistic prosody [11, 12] and can be demonstrated with

Objectives

Findings

Methods

Conclusion