Abstract

The projected GHG emissions cannot reach the climate goal under any SSP. Further efforts on lowering per capita in-use metal stocks and GHG emission intensity of metal production and promoting recycling are the key to achieve the climate goal.

Highlights

  • Introduction a Research Institute ofScience for Safety and Sustainability, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), 16-1 Onogawa, Tsukuba 305-8569, Japan

  • This study quantified the implications of shared socio-economic pathways (SSPs) for global greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions associated with metal production for 2010–2100, and explored effective measures to reduce GHG emissions for achieving climate goals

  • We show that SSPs have a significant effect on the GHG emissions associated with metal production

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Summary

Introduction

Science for Safety and Sustainability, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), 16-1 Onogawa, Tsukuba 305-8569, Japan. E-mail: r.yokoi@aist.go.jp b Material Cycles Division, National Institute for Environmental Studies, 16-2 Onogawa, Tsukuba 305-8506, Japan c Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 5-1-5 Kashiwanoha, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8563, Japan † Electronic supplementary information (ESI) available. Climate change is an urgent global challenge. Reduction in global greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions of 41–72% by 2050 and 78–118% by 2100 compared with the level in 2010 are required to maintain the temperature change below 2 1C relative to preindustrial levels.[1] The current society heavily relies on metals for a variety of purposes, which is predicted to accelerate in the future owing to the global population and economic growth.

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