Abstract
Article, pickle, and wet blue leather defects used for this study were fromthe Balai Besar Karet college, Kulit dan Plastik, D.I Yogyakarta (BBKKP YK), Indonesia. Meanwhile, the microorganisms in leather defects were grown in vitro at A-minimal mineral (MM) and B-lowest (1/200 v/v) nutrient media. A nitrogen source of 2% Sigma-Aldrich bovine gelatine was added to each medium. Furthermore, 1cm2 of each leather defect was sliced and immersed into the in vitro media for 7 days in an open-air rotary incubation with ambient temperature at 28° C to 30° C. The first or conventional method was the rubbing of ose cotton into the solid media, while the second isolation method was the centrifugationof liquid growth medium at 15.1G for 20 minutes. Moreover, the four microbial isolates were fromglossy yellow colonies A and B as wel as white colonies. These colonies were incubated at 38° C and the four microbes produce proteases after growing for at least 7days in liquid media and 24 hours less in solid media. The protease test produced gases on the pickle leather defects using a test tubeglass of 0.8cmdiameter and 15cmlong. Therefore, the chemical tanning process on leather defects creates a unique ecosystem of microorganisms as collagen proteins change and become thekeyto their growth.
Highlights
The studies on microbial growth on leather were carried out 3 decades ago and one of the results showed that bacteria grow to colonize and produce biofilms found in the facial holes of the growing hair follicles
The isolation of leather defect microbes formed on solid media (1.5% agar) and enriched with 2% skimmed cow's milk
The colony was believed Staphylococcus aureus bacteria [10]. These bacteria are cultivated from Wet Blue leather defects and upper shoe articles (Figure 6)
Summary
The studies on microbial growth on leather were carried out 3 decades ago and one of the results showed that bacteria grow to colonize and produce biofilms found in the facial holes of the growing hair follicles. This metabolism involves a variety of functional proteins that are tasked with converting substrates from living media into sustainable intermediates to strengthen cells' existence and population. The leather defect is impossible even when it has absorbed various preservatives during the tanning process. Industrial leather is categorized into semi-finished leather such as pickle, wet blue or white, and post tanning leather or article. The pre-tanning process produces semi-finished leather with stages such as soaking, deharing, liming, deliming, batting, and pickling. Leather defects due to incisions or tick bites are only disguised while the intensity of the color is different when the scars or tattoos on the leather are intact
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