Abstract
FUT2 determines whether histo-blood group antigens are secreted at mucosal surfaces. Secretor status influences susceptibility to enteric viruses, potentially including oral poliovirus vaccine (OPV). We performed a nested case-control study to determine the association between FUT2 genotype (single-nucleotide polymorphisms G428A, C302T, and A385T) and seroconversion among Indian infants who received a single dose of monovalent type 3 OPV. Secretor prevalence was 75% (89 of 118) in infants who seroconverted and 80% (97 of 122) in infants who did not seroconvert (odds ratio, 0.79; 95% confidence interval, .43-1.45). Our findings suggest that FUT2 genotype is not a key determinant of variation in OPV immunogenicity.
Highlights
“nonsecretors” harbor mutations in FUT2 that disrupt enzyme function
Analogous to the relationship observed for certain rotavirus and norovirus genotypes, nonsecretors may be less susceptible to replication of the poliovirus vaccine, inhibiting oral poliovirus vaccine (OPV) immunogenicity
Recent findings suggest that nonsecretors may be less likely to respond to oral rotavirus vaccine [5, 6], the same does not appear to be true of OPV
Summary
“nonsecretors” harbor mutations in FUT2 that disrupt enzyme function. Notably, nonsecretors exhibit near-complete resistance to infection with P[8] rotavirus or GII. norovirus but remain susceptible to other genotypes of these enteric viruses [2], potentially reflecting genotype-specific HBGA binding. Secretor status modifies susceptibility to enteric pathogens that display marked variation in transmission intensity. These enteric pathogens may, in turn, influence oral vaccine immunogenicity [3]. Analogous to the relationship observed for certain rotavirus and norovirus genotypes, nonsecretors may be less susceptible to replication of the poliovirus vaccine, inhibiting OPV immunogenicity. We tested this possibility by examining the association between FUT2 genotype and vaccine response following a trial of monovalent type 3 OPV (mOPV3) in south India
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