Abstract
Hypocotyl protoplasts isolated from two sunflower cultivars were electrically fused and subsequently cultivated. After about six weeks of culture, crude extracts of the generated calli were analyzed by starchgel electrophoresis. The gels were stained for the isoenzyme activities of glucosephosphate isomerase and malate dehydrogenase, which allow discrimination between the cultivars used for the fusion experiment. About 26% of the calli generated from pulsed protoplasts showed isoenzyme patterns of putative binary heterokaryocytes. The isoenzyme pattern of the nonfused control revealed less than 5% of possible chimeric colonies. Additionally, in a similar type of experiment, different culture regimes of the protoplasts were investigated. Calli treated with relatively high auxin concentrations generated somatic embryos, however, mostly those originating from electrostimulated protoplasts.
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