Abstract
Fusion hindrance, where fusion probability in heavy systems is strongly hindered compared with that in light and medium-mass systems, is analyzed by the microscopic time-dependent energy density functional theory. From trajectories obtained for fusion reactions, we extract nucleus-nucleus potential and one-body energy dissipation for the entrance channel of fusion reactions in heavy systems. We find that a barrier structure disappears and an increase behavior is observed in the obtained potential, which are different from the cases of light and medium-mass systems and of the frozen density approximation. We show that main contribution to extra-push energy comes from the increase of potential energy because of dynamical effects.
Highlights
The interplay between nuclear structure and dynamical effects is crucial to properly describing heavy-ion fusion reactions at energies around the Coulomb barrier
Coupledchannels calculations [1,2,3,4] have been widely used to quantitatively describe the entrance channel of fusion reactions in light and medium-mass systems, whose charge product (Z1Z2) is less than 1600. It has been observed in heavy systems that the fusion probability is strongly hindered around the Coulomb barrier compared with that in Z1Z2 < 1600 systems [5]
At the relative distance where we stop extracting potential and energy dissipation, because of small remaining kinetic energy, we can identify the origin of the extra-push energy obtained with time-dependent Hartree-Fock (TDHF) as the dissipated energy Ediss and change in potential energy ΔV at Rstop from the frozen density potential barrier, that is, ΔV = V(Rstop) − VFD
Summary
The interplay between nuclear structure and dynamical effects is crucial to properly describing heavy-ion fusion reactions at energies around the Coulomb barrier. We have proposed a method to directly extract nucleus-nucleus potential and one-body energy dissipation from the relative motion of colliding nuclei to nuclear intrinsic excitations in fusion reactions from TDHF evolutions [22, 23]. This method relies on the hypothesis that complex microscopic mean-field evolution of headon collisions can be accurately reduced to a simple onedimensional macroscopic evolution which obeys a classical Newton equation including potential and dissipation terms. We apply this method to study the properties of potential and energy dissipation in the entrance channel of fusion reactions for heavy systems and to understand origins of fusion hindrance
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