Abstract
Wheat Fusarium head blight (FHB), caused by Fusarium species, is a widespread and destructive fungal disease. In addition to the substantial yield and revenue losses, diseased grains are often contaminated with Fusarium mycotoxins, making them unsuitable for human consumption or use as animal feed. As a vital food and feed ingredient in China, the quality and safety of wheat and its products have gained growing attention from consumers, producers, scientists, and policymakers. This review supplies detailed data about the occurrence of Fusarium toxins and related intoxications from the 1980s to the present. Despite the serious situation of toxin contamination in wheat, the concentration of toxins in flour is usually lower than that in raw materials, and food-poisoning incidents have been considerably reduced. Much work has been conducted on every phase of toxin production and wheat circulation by scientific researchers. Regulations for maximum contamination limits have been established in recent years and play a substantial role in ensuring the stability of the national economy and people’s livelihoods.
Highlights
Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.), which belongs to the grass family, is widely distributed throughout the world and has a large planting area and total yield
The present review aims to systematically analyze the occurrence characteristics of the main Fusarium toxins in wheat, the varying trend in human poisoning incidents, and the utility of toxin management measures in the past 40 years to provide a reference for scientific monitoring and effective prevention and control of mycotoxin contamination in China
Earlier findings by Luo et al [31] on the level of Fusarium toxins in wheat from Shanxi and Inner Mongolia found that the prevalence rate and content of DON 3ADON, NIV, and ZEN were significantly higher in the high-risk area of Kashin-Beck disease (KBD) than in the low-risk area
Summary
Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.), which belongs to the grass family, is widely distributed throughout the world and has a large planting area and total yield. 4.4 million tons of wheat every year; this importation makes it imperative to breed wheat for increased yield. China is the largest wheat producer, supplying 17% of the total yield globally. Concerning the possible substantial effect of toxins on the country’s economy and society, the Chinese government has made many efforts aimed at ensuring cereal safety, such as setting strict limit and rigorous analytical method standards, revising agricultural product quality security laws, and establishing national special projects for agro-product safety risk evaluations. The present review aims to systematically analyze the occurrence characteristics of the main Fusarium toxins in wheat, the varying trend in human poisoning incidents, and the utility of toxin management measures in the past 40 years to provide a reference for scientific monitoring and effective prevention and control of mycotoxin contamination in China
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